ABSTRACT
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia diagnosticada global y por estadios de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en la población asignada al centro de salud (CS) urbano Casanova (Barcelona), así como explorar factores sociodemográficos y clínicos según estadios.Método: estudio descriptivo transversal. La población fueron los pacientes asignados al CS (n= 31.372). Se incluyeron pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de ERC registrado en su historia clínica electrónica. La clasificación por estadios se estableció a partir de la estimación de la tasa de filtrado glomerual (eTFG) disponible. Así mismo, se recogieron factores relacionados con la ERC: edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, actividad física, tabaquismo, diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial (HTA) y dislipemia. Se realizó estadística descriptiva y análisis bivariantes en función del estadio.Resultados: la prevalencia de ERC fue de 2,9% (n= 920) y 2,1% (n= 675) con eTFG registrada. Fueron analizados 675 individuos (media 79,9 años; DE= 11,8) de los cuales el 57,6% (n= 389) fue mujer. El estadio G3a fue el más prevalente (n= 275; 40,7%). La prevalencia de los estadios G1, G2, G3b, G4 y G5 fue del 2,1% (n= 14), 19,3% (n= 130), 27,6% (n= 186), 7,8% (n= 53) y 2,5% (n= 17) respectivamente. Resultó estadísticamente significativa la asociación de los estadios de ERC con el sexo, la edad, el sobrepeso y la obesidad, y la HTA.Conclusiones: la ERC afecta a menos del 5% de los pacientes asignados en el CS, la mayoría tiene más 65 años y son mujeres. Se recomiendan estrategias de actuación preventiva centradas en población con diagnóstico de ERC en estadios centrales y enfocadas a los factores modificables de HTA, sobrepeso y obesidad.(AU)
Objective: to determine the prevalence overall and by stages of diagnosed chronic renal disease (CRD) in the population assigned to the Casanova urban Primary Care Centre (PCC) in Barcelona, as well as to explore sociodemographic and clinical factors by stages.Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study. The population consisted of those patients assigned to the PCC (n= 31,372). Adult patients with CRD diagnosis in their electronic clinical record were included. The classification by stages was determined on the basis of the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate available. Factors associated with CRD were also collected: age, gender, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension (HTN), and dyslipidemia. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were conducted according to the stage.Results: there was a 2.9% (n= 920) prevalence of CRD, and 2.1% (n= 675) with recorded eGFR. The study included 675 individuals (mean 79.9 years of age; SD: 11.8); 57.6% (n= 389) of them were female. Stage G3a was the most prevalent (n= 275; 40.7%). The prevalence of stages G1, G2, G3b, G4 y G5 was 2.1% (n= 14), 19.3% (n= 130), 27.6% (n= 186), 7.8% (n= 53) and 2.5% (n= 17) respectively. The association between CRD stages and gender, age, excess weight and obesity, and HTN was statistically significant.Conclusions: CRD affected less than 5% of patients assigned to the PHC; the majority were over 65-years-old and female. It was recommended to implement preventive action strategies addressing the population with CRD diagnosis in central stages, and focused on the modifiable factors of HTN, excess weight and obesity.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/nursing , Primary Health Care , Hypertension , Obesity , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Spain , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
La soledad y el aislamiento social son condicionantes de salud emergentes en la población anciana, especialmente en las personas viudas, hiperfrecuentadoras y con problemas crónicos y depresión. La soledad es la sensación subjetiva de tener menor afecto y cercanía de lo deseado en el ámbito íntimo o relacional. El aislamiento social es la situación objetiva de contar con mínimos contactos con otras personas. Su contribución al incremento de la morbimortalidad es comparable al de otros factores de riesgo bien conocidos sobre los que actuamos a diario desde los equipos de atención primaria. Se discuten estrategias para identificar estos problemas en nuestros pacientes y para realizar intervenciones basadas en la evidencia científica tanto a nivel individual como comunitario en cooperación con otros recursos de la comunidad. El equipo de atención primaria ha de promover la autonomía de estos pacientes, facilitar su sociabilidad y actuar sobre sus pensamientos sociales maladaptativos que dificultan su integración social
Loneliness and social isolation are emerging health conditions in the elderly population, in particular widows, high frequency users of health services and those with chronic problems and depression. Loneliness is the subjective feeling of having less affection and closeness than that desired in the intimate or relational field. Social isolation is an objective situation of having minimal contact with other people. Its contribution to increased morbidity and mortality is comparable to other well known risk factors that we deal with daily as Primary Care teams. Strategies to identify these problems in our patients and to perform scientific evidence based studies at individual and community level in cooperation with other community resources and interventions are discussed. The Primary Care team must promote the autonomy of these patients, facilitating their sociability, and act on their social maladaptive thoughts that hinder their social integration
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Isolation/psychology , Loneliness , Depression/complications , Depression/diagnosis , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/standards , Primary Health CareABSTRACT
Loneliness and social isolation are emerging health conditions in the elderly population, in particular widows, high frequency users of health services and those with chronic problems and depression. Loneliness is the subjective feeling of having less affection and closeness than that desired in the intimate or relational field. Social isolation is an objective situation of having minimal contact with other people. Its contribution to increased morbidity and mortality is comparable to other well known risk factors that we deal with daily as Primary Care teams. Strategies to identify these problems in our patients and to perform scientific evidence based studies at individual and community level in cooperation with other community resources and interventions are discussed. The Primary Care team must promote the autonomy of these patients, facilitating their sociability, and act on their social maladaptive thoughts that hinder their social integration.
